4 in.) Article 411 addresses lighting systems operating at 30V or less. or exceeds 400 mm (16 in.) Conductors in vertical poles used as raceway shall be supported as provided in 300.19. Other. The electrical service equipment b. Informational Note: For ampacity of fixture wire, maximum operating temperature, voltage limitations, minimum wire size, and other information, see Article 402. Conductors shall be arranged so that the weight of the luminaire or movable parts does not put tension on the conductors. Wiring methods and materials supplying the luminaire(s) shall not be exposed within the cooking hood. Wet and Damp Locations. Combustible Material. Where supplied by the ungrounded conduc tors of a circuit, the switching device of auxiliary equipment shall simultaneously disconnect all conductors. This often leads to problems, such as when we have special luminaires used inside casinos, hotels and other large facilities where the units are actually a piece of artwork with lights attached. Adequate airspace shall be provided between lamps and shades or other enclosures of combustible material. The next key item to address is the use of flush and recessed luminaires, and Part X has special provisions for these. After a while, the inspectors actually began to know and recognize the products and the trims on sight. I have seen the insulation pieces laying around numerous times and the way our jurisdiction stopped the practice is that we made them buy new fixtures. The track system ends shall be insulated and capped. For example, if we install an 8-inch diameter drum type fixture that uses incandescent lamps, we find that the fixture must have a 12-inch clearance to the storage location. Lampholders Near Combustible Material. The canopyshall be permitted to include a section of raceway not over150 mm (6 in.) If no provision for grounding is available, they must be insulated. Each fitting attached to a heavy-duty lighting track shall have individ ual overcurrent protection. Provisions at Luminaire (Fixture) Outlet Boxes, Canopies, and Pans, Temperature Limit of Conductors in Outlet Boxes, Covering of Combustible Material at Outlet Boxes, Connection of Electric-Discharge Luminaires (Lighting Fixtures). The vertical location of the kitchen countertop receptacles is addressed in 210.52 (C) (5); they are not permitted more than 20 inches above the countertop. If the wiring system provides a means of grounding, exposed conductive parts must be grounded. Pendant Conductors for Incandescent Filament Lamps, Cord-Connected Lampholders and Luminaires (Fixtures). Luminaires Near Combustible Material. This term is not to be confused with luminary, which is defined as an important person. Lampholders installed over highly combustible material shall be of the unswitched type. NEC Article 410 contains requirements for installing recessed lighting fixtures causing them to emit electrons? (C) Luminaire (Fixture) Types Not Permitted. Outdoor luminaires and associated equipment shall be permitted to be supported by trees. Portable Handlamps. Lets examine the requirements of the NEC, IES, and other standards. (A) Wet and Damp Locations. This requirement provides a safe method to service the ballast, and continues to be extended in its enforcement, adding that in existing installations the disconnecting means shall be added when ballast replacement is performed. No parts of cord-connected luminaires, chain-, cable, or cord-suspended luminaires, lighting track, pendants, or ceiling-suspended (paddle) fans shall be located within a zone measured 900 mm (3 ft) horizontally and 2.5 m (8 ft) vertically from the top of the bathtub rim or shower stall threshold. Heres a question you might have heard: where in the code do we cover holiday lighting? Recessed parts of a luminaire (fixture) that is not identified for contact with insulation must be at least 13 mm ( in.) Chapter 4 of the National Electrical Code (NEC), Equipment for General Use, contains 22 articles. Luminaire Stems. The secondary circuit voltage shall not exceed 15,000 volts, nominal, under any load condition. Often we find shelves that hold cardboard boxes or garments that are easily ignited if in contact with a heat source. Inlets and connectors shall be permitted to be of a lower ampere rating than the branch circuit but not less than 125 percent of the luminaire load current. No Other Equipment. Informational Note: See Article 100 for the definition ofMulti wire Branch Circuit. Handlamps shall be equipped with a handle of molded composition or other insulating material. The National Electrical Code (NEC), or NFPA 70, is a regionally adoptable standard for the safe installation of electrical wiring and equipment in the United States. Receptacles, Connectors, and Attachment Plugs. The lampholder must be at least 2.5 m (8 ft.) above the floor unless an individual switch is installed for each fixture. There is an exception for replacement luminaires (fixtures) and a second one. Special Provisions for Electric-Discharge Lighting Systems of 1000 Volts or Less. Part IV is titled Luminaire Supports. Along with making sure they have used lamps that are not larger than the luminaire allows per its listing and labeling, these little foil-covered insulation pieces are part of the fixture and are there to ensure we dont have heat transfer from the lamp to the wire terminations. These changes can be found in Article 690, Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Systems. Protection Through Metal. 410.54 Pendant Conductors for Incandescent Filament Lamps. Where a luminaire is recessed in fire-resistant material in a building of fire-resistant construction, a temperature higher than 90C (194F) but not higher than 150C (302F) shall be considered acceptable if the luminaire is plainly marked for that service. No unnecessary splices or taps shall be made within or on a luminaire.Informational Note: For approved means of making connec tions, see 110.14. Lampholders of the screw shell type shall be installed for use as lampholders only. The housing for the lighting track system shall be of substantial construction to maintain rigidity. Depending on the type of lighting used, whether incandescent, fluorescent, or LED, surface-mounted or flush-mounted, this section lists clearances to the nearest storage space. As we all know, heat rises, and a heat pocket is created within each fixture. (D) Location. Transformers shall be enclosed, identified for the use, and listed. D12 Park Trailer (See 552.47), ERP and Data Warehousing in Organizations: Issues and Challenges, ERP System Acquisition: A Process Model and Results From an Austrian Survey. D5(b) Optional Calculation for Multifamily Dwelling Served at 208Y/120 Volts, Three Phase, Example No. Wiring of cranes and hoists. 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Transformers shall have a secondary short-circuit current rating of not more than 150 mA if the open-circuit volt age is over 7500 volts, and not more than 300 mA if the open- circuit voltage rating is 7500 volts or less. I will not cover each of these here, please review them on your own so that you will be aware of what is in this part of the code. 410.10 (D) Bathtub and Shower Areas. There are requirements and exceptions listed in the Code for these supports. Luminaire Types Not Permitted. Through-Wiring. Luminaires shal be securely fastened to the ceiling framing member by mechanical means such as bolts, scres, or rivits. Electrical Rating. Such tap conductors shall be in suitable raceway or Type AC or MC cable of at least 450 mm (18 in.) As we mentioned earlier, we have a definition for closet storage space. So on a non-IC type we must have a 1/2 inch space from any recessed parts to combustibles, excluding the support or finish trims. Is a small pantry with a door in your kitchen considered a closet? The design of the single-end luminaires is such that the non-spring tombstone (where the pin inserts into the lamp holder) has two contacts; one is the line voltage and the other is connected to the ballast. Where showcases are cord- connected, the secondary circuit(s) of each electric-discharge lighting ballast shall be limited to one showcase. of a ballast, LED driver, power supply, or transformer shall have an insulation temperature rating not lower than 90C (194F), unless supplying a luminaire marked as suitable for a different insulation temperature. Voltage. New Section 406.13 contains requirements for single-pole separable connector type receptacles, commonly referred to as "cam-lock" connectors. (E) Luminaires (Fixtures) in Indoor Sports, Mixed-Use, and All-Purpose Facilities. If the ceiling height is adequate to allow a luminaire to be installed above the 8 foot zone, the luminaire must be listed for damp locations; if subject to shower spray, the luminaire must be listed for wet locations. 410.110 General. Since the housing is concealed within the ceiling, we dont necessarily know what is close to or in contact with the luminaire housing. Access to Boxes. Chapter 3: Wiring Methods and Materials. Lighting track shall be supplied by a branch circuit having a rating not more than that of the track. A recessed luminaire that is identified for contact with insulation, Type IC, shall be permitted to be in contact with combustible materials at recessed parts, points of support, and portions passing through or finishing off the opening in the building structure. The grounding terminations within the poles are often difficult to install and also inspect. Luminaires and equipment shall be mechanically connected to an equipment grounding conductor as specified in 250.118 and sized in accordance with 250.122. Luminaires designed for end-to-end connection to form a continuous assembly, or luminaires connected together by recognized wiring methods, shall be permitted to contain the conductors of a 2-wire branch circuit, or one multiwire branch circuit, supplying the connec ted luminaires and shall not be required to be listed as a race way. If you try to read the definition, it might be a little confusing trying to imagine the shape from the language. Connected Load. This type of luminaire (fixture) must comply with Sections 410.65 through 410-72. A pole with a hinged base shall have the equipment grounding terminal accessible within the base.Exception to (3): No grounding terminal shall be required in a pole2.5 m (8 ft) or less in height abovegrade where the supply wiring method continues without splice or pull, and where the interior of the pole and any splices are accessible by removing the luminaire. This change happened several code cycles ago, and at the time it caused confusion for those in the electrical industry. Tap Conductors. Branch-circuit conductors that have an insulation suitable for the temperature encountered shall be permitted to terminate in the luminaire. The load and the branch-circuit rating cannot exceed the rating of the track. Use Table 402.5 for 18-16 AWG conductors. Luminaires Connected Together. Separate Mounting. Professional. The idea with this code requirement is that we dont want a heat source, the luminaire, to be in contact with anything that may be stored there. You probably guessedit is the last item in Article 410, and it states that holiday lighting shall be in accordance with Article 590.3(B). Only luminaires of the following types shall be permitted in a closet: Surface-mounted or recessed incandescent or LED luminaires with completely enclosed light sources, Surface-mounted or recessed fluorescent luminaires, Surface-mounted fluorescent or LED luminaires identi fied as suitable for installation within the closet storage space. C. Construction Specifications 330.104 Conductors Luminaires shall be installed such that the connections between the luminaire conductors and the circuit conductors can be inspected without requiring the disconnec. Items such as marking for electrical ratings and warnings for combustibles, conductor and cord usage, and connections are covered. Also in part (B), the clearance to any insulation is required to be at least 3 inches. Luminaires shall be permitted to be installed in commercial cooking hoods where all of the follow ing conditions are met: The luminaire shall be identified for use within commer cial cooking hoods and installed such that the tempera ture limits of the materials used are not exceeded. One important requirement to note is that a fixture can be supported from an outlet box if the outlet box is required by 314.23 and complies with 314.27(A) and 314.27(B). 410.40 General. Unless part of listed decorative lighting assemblies, pendant conductors shall not be smaller than 14 AWG for mogul-base or medium-base screw shell lampholders or smaller than 18 AWG for intermediate or candelabra-base lampholders. Conductor insulation shall be protected from abrasion where it passes through metal. Thermal insulation shall not be installed above a recessed luminaire or within 75 mm (3 in.) Luminaires (Fixtures) in Specific Locations. D5(a) Multifamily Dwelling Served at 208Y/120 Volts, Three Phase, Example No. The Grounding and Bonding and the NEC Section 250 Specific Grounding Problems, Installations And the National Electrical Code Requirements Testing Procedures For Industrial, Commercial And Institutional Electric Power Grounding Systems Practical Solutions To Grounding Problems After Attending, You Will Work More Safely And Efficiently Just another site 1: A disconnecting means shall not be required for luminaires installed in hazardous. The raceway used for the tap conductor must be at least 450 mm (18 in.) (A) General. XII. Wet and Damp Locations. The terminal of an electric-discharge lamp shall be considered as a live part. Article 410 is another example of an article in Chapter 4 of the NEC that often doesnt get a lot of emphasis from multi-trade inspectors. There are a couple of exceptions, so please review these. Outlet boxes or fittings installed as required by 314.23 and complying with the provisions of 314.27(A)(1) and 314.27(A)(2) shall be permitted to support luminaires. 410.50 Polarization of Luminaires. Construction of Flush and Recessed Luminaires (Fixtures), XIII. An incandescent lamp for general use on lighting branch circuits shall not be equip ped with a medium base if rated over 300 watts, or with a mogul base if rated over 1500 watts. Professional. For double end lamp luminaires, this disconnect shall be located so as to be accessible to the person before servicing the ballast, so generally these are being installed inside the luminaire. Outlet Boxes. Such luminaires shall be permitted to have an additional guard. He holds ten inspections certifications from IAEI and ICC. However, the requirements within this article are important to know and enforce. One category that is a fairly new concern is indoor sports, mixed use and all-purpose facilities that may utilize mercury vapor or metal halide lamps. The purpose of the NEC is to provide electrical installation requirements that protect persons and property from electrical hazards arising from the use of electricity. Components of lighting track systems of different voltages shall not be inter changeable. Insulating joints that are not designed to be mounted with screws or bolts shall have an exterior metal casing, insulated from both screw connections. 4: A disconnecting means shall not be required in industrial establishments with restricted public access where conditions of maintenance and supervision ensure that only qualified persons service the installation by written procedures. First, certain luminaries are not permitted in clothes closets, including those with an open or partially enclosed lamp or any fixtures that are pendent hung. on either side of the rod on a plane horizontal to the floor extending the entire length of the rod. Recessed. Instant start lamps Which of the following is an HID ballast category? Pendant luminaires (fixtures) or lampholders and incandescent luminaires (fixtures) whose lamps are not totally enclosed. In addition to complying with the general requirements for luminaires, such equipment shall comply with Part XIII of this article. The NEC specifies a few requirements for outlet boxes, inspection, suspended ceilings, luminaire (fixture) studs, insulating joints, raceway fittings, busways, and trees. Therefore, these fixtures now require a disconnecting means. Portable luminaires shall be wired with flexible cord recognized by 400.4 and an attachment plug of the polar ized or grounding type. Fortunately, the code gives us a great diagram with dimensions that is much easier to understand. Recessed luminaires (fixtures) can be installed in the wall or ceiling. Part X. Surface-mounted luminaires (fixtures) can be installed on the wall above the door or on the ceiling. These are very commonly used in residential construction and are a very important part of the residential inspection process. Luminaire Studs. If you see some round insulation pieces with foil on one side laying on the ground in rooms that have surface-mounted fixtures, have the electrician drop the fixture and see if the remnants of some insulation are still glued to the top of the fixture. 410.93 Double-Pole Switched Lampholders. Direct-Current Equipment. Since the closet doors are generally closed, if the fixture is left on and overheats items in the closet, the resulting fire could go unnoticed for quite some time. So at first, the contractor had to field install these devices, but eventually manufacturers started to ship units with the disconnects installed. Chapter 4: Equipment for General Use. This article covers luminaires, portable lumin aires, lampholders, pendants, incandescent filament lamps, arc lamps, electric-discharge lamps, decorative lighting products, lighting accessories for temporary seasonal and holiday use, portable flexible lighting products, and the wiring and equip ment forming part of such products and lighting installations. The installation requirements for motor control centers are covered in 110.26 (F), and air-conditioning and refrigerating equipment are covered in Article 440. D2(b) Optional Calculation for One-Family Dwelling, Air Conditioning Larger than Heating [See 220.82(A) and 220.82(C)], Example No. All luminaires shall be marked with the maxi mum lamp wattage or electrical rating, manufacturers name, trademark, or other suitable means of identification. Properly Secured. Replacement ballasts shall also have thermal protection integral with the ballast. instant-start lamps which of the following is an HD ballast category? 410.52 Conductor Insulation. nec article 410 contains requirements for installing. An autotransformer that is used to raise the voltage to more than 300 volts, as part of a ballast for supplying lighting units, shall be supplied only by a grounded system. or the width of the shelf, whichever is greater; for a closet that permits access to both sides of a hanging rod, this space includes the volume below the highest rod extending 300 mm (12 in.) Live Parts. The details are found in 410.10(D), where we describe a zone in which no luminaire may be installed. You might ask why this requirement applies to double ended lamp units only. Usually we found that the shelf depth in the tract homes we inspected was more than 12 inches, so we had to check the clearance of these closet fixtures during a final inspection. Thermal protection shall not be required in a recessed high-intensity luminaire whose design, construction, and thermal performance characteristics are equivalent to a thermally protected luminaire and are identi fied as inherently protected. Article 110 of the National Electrical Code (NEC) covers the general requirements for the examination and approval, installation and use, access to, and spaces about electrical equipment. Title. Live Parts. It is part of the National Fire Code series published by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), a private trade association. Several codes regulate the use of artificial lighting. 1: Luminaires made of insulating material that is directly wired or attached to outlets supplied by a wiring method that does not provide a ready means for grounding attachment to an equip ment grounding conductor shall be made of insulating material and shall have no exposed conductive parts. Temperature. Equipment that has an open- circuit voltage exceeding 1000 volts shall not be installed in or on dwelling occupancies. Separately mounted ballasts, trans formers, LED drivers, or power supplies that are listed for direct connection to a wiring system shall not be required to be additionally enclosed. This month we will continue the series of articles covering basic electrical inspection items. 150 mm (6 in.) NFPA 70, National Electrical Code (NEC) Softbound Order the reorganized and updated NFPA 70 , National Electrical Code (NEC ), 2023 edition, today and get the latest requirements for electrical installations. Feeder and branch-circuit conductors within 75 mm (3 in.) Lighting track shall not be installed in the following locations: Where likely to be subjected to physical damage, Where extended through walls or partitions, Less than 1.5 m (5 ft) above the finished floor except where protected from physical damage or track operating at less than 30 volts rms open-circuit voltage. Recessed Remote Ballasts. 410.90 Screw Shell Type. D4(b) Optional Calculation for Multifamily Dwelling, Example No. Which section of the NEC requires that at least 6" of free conductor length be left at each outlet box when cutting the branch circuit wires in preparation for connecting a light fixture? 410.48 Luminaire Wiring General. Grounding. A means to connect an equipment ground must be provided for a metal luminaire (fixture). Rating. It is permitted, however, if the luminaire (fixture) is listed for that use. for surface-mounted fluorescent lumin aires installed on the wall above the door or on the ceil ing. IAEI News Magazine. Lighting track shall be grounded in accord ance with Article 250, and the track sections shall be securely coupled to maintain continuity of the circuitry, polarization, and grounding throughout. 410.8 Inspection. Tap conductors of a type suitable for the temperature encountered shall be permitted to run from the luminaire terminal connection to an outlet box placed at least 300 mm (1 ft) from the luminaire. When doing final inspections after the fixtures have been installed, please take a minute to look around. Fixtures and lampholders must be securely supported. Exposed Components. The luminaire shall then comply with 410.42. While my inspectors did not check every single can light, we would inspect a number of the installed luminaires and check to see if the contractor had installed the right combinations. The ballast of a fluorescent luminaire installed indoors shall have integral thermal protec tion. Open-Circuit Voltage Exceeding 300 Volts. The code has a specific set of dimensions for storage space with an explanatory diagram. Parts of the luminaire exposed within the hood shall be corrosion resistant or protected against corrosion, and the surface shall be smooth so as not to collect deposits and to facilitate cleaning. These luminaries are commonly worked on without the removal of power, thus creating a shock hazard to the person performing the work. Like Ive mentioned before, be proactive when you are starting a new project and let the contractor know from the beginning (before the products show up on the jobsite) that you will be checking for this. Article 410 provides the requirements for installing luminaires, lampholders, lamps, and decorative lighting products on circuits greater than 30V. 400.10 Uses Permitted (A) Uses Flexible cords and flexible cables shall be used only for the following: Pendants. Recessed high-intensity luminaires designed to be installed in wall or ceiling cavities shall have thermal protec tion and be identified as thermally protected. Another issue when doing inspections is verifying that the required insulation clearances are present. Electric-discharge lighting systems with an open- circuit voltage exceeding 1000 volts shall be listed and installed in conformance with that listing. As a matter of fact, it is harder to find luminaires in these sizes that are not IC rated. Part XII. It is part of the National Fire Code series published by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), a private trade association. The terminals of an electric- discharge lamp shall be considered as energized where any lamp terminal is connected to a circuit of over 300 volts. D10 Feeder Ampacity Determination for Adjustable-Speed Drive Control [See 215.2, 430.24, 620.13, 620.14, 620.61, Tables 430.22(E), and 620.14], Example No. Metal or nonmetallic poles shall be permitted to be used to support luminaires and as a raceway to enclose supply conductors, provided the following conditions are met: A pole shall have a handhole not less than 50 mm 100 mm (2 in. Portable handlamps shall not be required to be grounded where supplied through an isolating transformer with an ungrounded secondary of not over 50 volts. The fixtures must be installed in a manner so that water will not enter or collect in the lampholder, wireway, etc. The next important item is 410.6, which states that all luminaires and lamp holders shall be listed. This may create inspection issues, as Ive seen these cord- and plug-connected and hung in various ways that I didnt consider permanent. 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