New residential areas were built in the outskirts of the city, like Druzhba, Mladost and Lyulin. The National Opera and Ballet of Bulgaria is a combined opera and ballet collective established in 1891. In the 500s BC, the area became part of a Thracian state union, the Odrysian kingdom from another Thracian tribe the Odrysses. The Vitosha Nature Park (the oldest national park in the Balkans)[118] includes most of Vitosha mountain and covers an area of 266 square kilometres (103sqmi),[119] with roughly half of it lying within the municipality of Sofia. Prison classification is a method of assessing inmate risks that balance security requirements with program needs. The Polytechnical Museum has more than 1,000 technological items on display. [28] The metropolitan region of Sofia is inhabited by a population of 1.66million. Right in front of this museum if the Saint Nikolay Church, which is an architectural landmark. A notable local basketball team is twice European Champions Cup finalist Lukoil Akademik. Following his capture in 1873, Vasil Levski was transferred and hanged in Sofia by the Ottomans. Directly across from the church is The National Gallery of Art, which often exhibits works by world-famous artists. One of Sofias favorite spots for both visitors and residents is Vitosha Boulevard. The valley has an average altitude of 550 metres (1,800ft). 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Newly admitted inmates are transported from county jails to one of several prison receiving centers where the risk assessment process begins. Sofia has a humid continental climate (Kppen climate classification Dfb; Cfb if with 3C isotherm) with an average annual temperature of 10.9C (51.6F). The city is the hot spot of internal migration, the capital population is increasing and is around 17% of the national,[162] thus a small number of people with local roots remain today, they dominate the surrounding rural suburbs and are called Shopi. The Iskar flows north toward the Balkan Mountains, passing between the eastern city suburbs, next to the main building and below the runways of Sofia Airport, and flows out of the Sofia Valley at the town of Novi Iskar, where the scenic Iskar Gorge begins.[42]. In 1925, a terrorist act of ultra-leftists failed their attempted assassination of the king but resulted in the destruction of the Saint Nedelya Church and many victims. [21] This triangle was recently expanded to a "square" and includes the Catholic Cathedral of St Joseph. It is one of ODRCs central principles to treat people differently based on their conduct while incarcerated. In 1018, the Byzantines ended Bulgarian rule until 1194, when it was reincorporated by the reborn Bulgarian Empire. [citation needed] During the war, Sofia was flown by the Romanian Air Corps, which engaged on photoreconnaissance operations and threw propaganda pamphlets to the city. Sofia Municipality is identical to Sofia City Province, which is distinct from Sofia Province, which surrounds but does not include the capital itself. There are many more capitals in the city, such as the Polytechnical Museum, the Museum of Anthropology, and the Sports Museum. The largest group are occupied in trading, followed by those in the manufacturing industry. In summer, the city generally remains slightly cooler than other parts of Bulgaria, due to its higher altitude. The museum has one of the largest collections anywhere, with over 700,000 items of cultural importance. Public investments in infrastructure, education and local economy brought greater diversity to the city. Akademai Klado, 1966. The median age is 38 though. Since Mount Vitosha is a preferred destination for the capitals residents, its fields and paths are alive with nature lovers. During the decline of the Roman Empire, the city was raided by Huns, Visigoths, Avars and Slavs. [158] Nearly all of these were constructed as competition venues and therefore have seating facilities for several hundred people. The city is built west of the Iskar river, and has many mineral springs, such as the Sofia Central Mineral Baths. With its developing infrastructure and strategic location, Sofia is a major hub for international railway and automobile transport. The Iskar River in its upper course flows near eastern Sofia. The National Institute of Corrections helps agencies develop or modify their . [130] One of the three buildings in the architectural ensemble, the former Bulgarian Communist Party headquarters, is due to become the seat of the Parliament. Unlike most European capitals, Sofia does not straddle any large river, but is surrounded by comparatively high mountains on all sides. The urban area of Sofia hosts some 1.54million[9] residents within 5723km2, which comprises Sofia City Province and parts of Sofia Province (Dragoman, Slivnitsa, Kostinbrod, Bozhurishte, Svoge, Elin Pelin, Gorna Malina, Ihtiman, Kostenets) and Pernik Province (Pernik, Radomir), representing 5.16% of the country territory. A monitoring station on Eagles' Bridge, where some of the highest particulate matter values were measured, was moved away from the location and has measured sharply lower values since then. [99] Several of the city's governors were members of the Bulgarian imperial family and held the title of sebastokrator, the second highest at the time, after the tsar. Sofia applied to host the Winter Olympic Games in 1992 and in 1994, coming second and third respectively. Plovdiv remained the most populous Bulgarian town until 1892 when Sofia took the lead. Not far from the mosque is a synagogue, which houses a museum. Sofia has been settled for many millennia. [73] Even areas with few sources of air pollution, like Gorna Banya, had PM2.5 and PM10 levels above safe thresholds. This document also provides guidelines for designing a classification system specifically for women. Sredets became a major administrative, economic, cultural and literary hub until its conquest by the Ottomans in 1382. Inmate Behavior Management: The Key to a Safe and Secure Jail Issues in Jail Operations, 2003: Perspectives from State Jail Inspection Agencies Jails Division Objective Jail Classification Systems: A Guide for Jail Administrators Resource Guide for Jail Administrators Women in Jail: Classification Issues 151156. Consulted online on 23 January 2018. These remains are exhibited in the underpass connecting the Presidential Palace and The Ministerial Council, surrounded by shops selling traditional Bulgarian souvenirs and rosewater. NY: Harry N. Abrams Inc., 1998. Being a pedestrian zone, it is a very pleasant place for strolling and relaxation. Theatre is by far the most popular form of performing art, and theatrical venues are among the most visited, second only to cinemas. Sofia preserves many valuable monuments to its long and storied past. Of these 864 do not have any water supply and 688 have other than communal. Multinationals with major research, development, innovation and engineering centers in Sofia include the second largest global IT center of Coca-Cola,[175] Ubisoft,[176] Hewlett-Packard,[177] VMware,[178] Robert Bosch GmbH,[179] Financial Times,[180] Experian, etc. It is one of the main stations along BDZ Line 1, and a hub of Lines 2, 5 and 13. [79], In 339 BC Philip II of Macedon destroyed and ravaged the town for the first time. [174] The IT sector is highly diverse and includes both multinational corporations, local companies and start-ups. On average, Sofia receives a total snowfall of 96cm (37.8in) and 57 days with snow cover. However, the end of the old administration and centrally planned system also paved the way for chaotic and unrestrained construction, which continues today. Its Institute of Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy will operate the largest cyclotron in the country. Several smaller parks, among which the Vazrazhdane Park, Zaimov Park, City Garden and the Doctors' Garden, are located in central Sofia. Amid of the citys religious landmarks, directly across from The Presidential Palace, is the National Archeological Museum, which has in its collection some of the most valuable treasures discovered in Bulgaria. inmate classification vg3 alabama meaning a nice variety of treatment and work programs too. Much of Bulgaria's educational capacity is concentrated in Sofia. Ten of the peaks in the Vitosha Range are over 2,000 meters; the highest is Cherni Vrah (Black Peak), in the center of the park, at 2,290 meters. Three freeways begin in Sofia: Trakia, Lyulin, and Hemus. [163] It is the economic hub of Bulgaria and home to most major Bulgarian and international companies operating in the country, as well as the Bulgarian National Bank and the Bulgarian Stock Exchange. Capitals of European states and territories. This page was last edited on 18 January 2023, at 15:42. The data generated through the classification process can also be used for operational, management, and planning purposes. [81] The earliest mention of the city comes from an Athenian inscription from the 1st century BC, attesting Astiu ton Serdon, i.e. The Central Railway Station is the primary hub for domestic and international rail transport, carried out by Bulgarian State Railways (BDZ), the national rail company headquartered in the city. The Ethnographic Museum and the Museum of Military History hold large collections of Bulgarian folk costumes and armaments, respectively. The city expanded and became a significant political and economical centre, more so as it became one of the first Roman cities where Christianity was recognised as an official religion (under Galerius). There are 221 general, 11 special and seven arts or sports schools, 56 vocational gymnasiums and colleges, and four independent colleges. Individuals tend to receive greater autonomy and freedom of movement during the day so as to encourage pro-social behavior and programming as part of the 3-Tier prison system. Its bell tower rises to a height of 53 meters, and houses 53 bells, the heaviest weighing 10 tons. LI, 25, 4 erhellt)", "Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae. While walking in the area, visitors will also see the Banya Bashi Mosque, built in the 16th century. Being Bulgaria's primate city, Sofia is home of many of the major local universities, cultural institutions and commercial companies. [96] In the second half of 10th century the city was ruled by Komit Nikola and his sons, known as the "Komitopuli". [31][32] The emperor Marcus Ulpius Traianus (53117 AD) gave the city the combinative name of Ulpia Serdica;[33][34] Ulpia may be derived from an Umbrian cognate of the Latin word lupus, meaning "wolf"[35] or from the Latin vulpes (fox). As the city grew outwards, the then-new neighbourhoods were dominated by many concrete tower blocks, prefabricated panel apartment buildings and examples of Brutalist architecture. There are different boulevards and streets in the city with a higher amount of traffic than others. In addition, Sofia hosted EuroBasket 1957 and the 1961 and 1977 Summer Universiades, as well as the 1983 and 1989 winter editions. Accurately classifying incarcerated individuals and placing them in institutions consistent with their security classification is a means of protecting the public, ensuring staff and incarcerated individual safety, and achieving the ODRC's rehabilitative goals. In 1530 Sofia became the capital of the Ottoman province (beylerbeylik) of Rumelia for about three centuries. It represents the primary security level for Control Units in the 3-Tier System. Increasing are frauds, drug-related crimes, petty theft and vandalism. [198] The master plan for the Sofia Metro includes three lines with a total of 63 stations. There are two ice skating complexes the Winter Sports Palace with a capacity of 4,600 and the Slavia Winter Stadium with a capacity of 2,000, both containing two rinks each. Artificial and dam lakes were built in the twentieth century. [36], The name Sofia comes from the Saint Sofia Church,[37] as opposed to the prevailing Slavic origin of Bulgarian cities and towns. This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible. A double perimeter, razor ribbon reinforced, alarmed and patrolled fence is required for this level of security. There is also a wide variety of hostels and smaller family guesthouses. The natural growth rate during 2009 was 0.2 per mile, the first positive growth rate in nearly 20 years. [203] Consequently, traffic and air pollution problems have become more severe and receive regular criticism in local media. Some known holders of the title were Kaloyan, Peter and their relative Aleksandar Asen (d. after 1232), a son of Ivan Asen I of Bulgaria (r.11891196). DEFINITION(S) AND ACRONYM(S) Sixteen checklists allow administrators to assess performance and effectiveness of jail operations. [209] Sofia University was founded in 1888. Like every big city, Sofia has something for every taste. Each staff member with detainee in-processing responsibilities shall receive on-site training; 3. Sofia's geographic location, in the foothills of the weekend retreat Vitosha mountain, further adds to the city's specific atmosphere. Inmate Detail - CANO-CIFUENTES, JUAN LUIS. During the Second World War, Bulgaria declared war on the US and UK on 13 December 1941 and in late 1943 and early 1944 the US and UK Air forces conducted bombings over Sofia. It seems that the first written mention of Serdica was made during his reign and the last mention was in the 19th century in a Bulgarian text (, Sardaki). [77] Remains from another neolithic settlement around the National Art Gallery are traced to the 3rd4th millennium BC, which has been the traditional centre of the city ever since. There are separate reception centers for females, male youth, and adult males. ", "Museum of Socialist Art National Gallery", "NATIONAL STATISTICAL INSTITUTE Information for the area of city of Sofia", " , . [94] In the aftermath of the war, the city was permanently integrated in Bulgaria and became known by the Slavic name of Sredets. Inmate Behavior Management: The Key to a Safe and Secure Jail, Issues in Jail Operations, 2003: Perspectives from State Jail Inspection Agencies, Objective Jail Classification Systems: A Guide for Jail Administrators. One of the most popular tourist destinations in Sofia, the church can hold roughly 5,000 people, and on important Christian holidays, it is filled with believers. All facility staff assigned to classification duties shall be adequately trained in the facility's classification process. [210] More than 20,000 students[211] study in its 16 faculties. Back to Search. Prisoner Type Pretrial Inmate; Classification VG3; Housing Facility Jefferson County Jail - Birmingham; Total Bond Amount; Total Bail Amount $0.00; Booking Origin Hoover PD; Bond Number Bond Type Bond Amount; 2023-00000019: Good Bond: 2023-00000020: Good Bond: 2023-00000021: Good Bond: Charges Court Date Court Court Room; No data: Number Charge . Some of the neighbourhoods constructed after 2000 are densely built up and lack green spaces. Sofia is a regional IT hub, ranking second among the Top 10 fastest growing tech centers in Europe in terms of annual growth of active members. "[A]reas in which jails tend to be deficient, suggesting the need for new or revised forms of NIC assistance" are identified (p.2). 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