1 See answer Advertisement Dear sir, The literature on electoral behaviour shows that there is a . The Congress Muslims achieved 6 percent of them. [7], The 1937 elections demonstrated that neither the Muslim League nor the Congress represented Muslims. They played pivotal role in bringing ML with surprising victory. Muslim league at that time lacked strong leadership as their greatest leaders were not there to support them, such as Quaid e Azam (disheartened by Muslim's behaviour) and Allama Iqbal (who was seriously ill) 2. 2 options: promote Muslim League to win back some provinces or work with Congress not likely to do this). Khalsa National Board and Hindu Election Board also gave their support to Unionist Party. They used harsh treatment to control the people It was a referendum for the Muslims to be a separate nation; it had to confirm the existence of two separate nations in India. View Q How successful were the provincial elections held in India in 1937.docx from HISTORY AP at Beacon Hall College of Education, Muzaffar Garh. [6], The party's election platform had downplayed communalism and Nehru continued this attitude with the initiation of the March 1937 Muslim mass contact program. The Indian National Congress emerged in power in all the provinces except for three - Bengal, Punjab, and Sindh. tickets were awarded to most suitable candidates and funds were disbursed [2], At its 1936 session held in the city of Lucknow, the Congress party, despite opposition from the newly elected Nehru as the party president, agreed to contest the provincial elections to be held in 1937. [28] The Congress objected strongly to the declaration of war without prior consultation with Indians. In Bengal, the League fared better but only because the United Muslim Party went into voluntary liquidation and essentially re-appeared under the name of the Muslim League. The chief ministers of Punjab Reasons for the Difference in the Performance of the Muslim League in 1937 and1946 Elections. [1] The Congress ministries did not succeed in attracting their Muslim countrymen. The Indian National Congress emerged in power in seven of the provinces, Bombay, Madras, the Central Provinces, the United Provinces, the North-West Frontier Province, Bihar, and Orissa. The All-India Muslim League failed to form the government in any province. An estimated 30.1 million persons, including 4.25 million women, had acquired the right to vote (14% of the total population), and 15.5 million of these, including 917,000 women, actually did exercise their franchise. Extensive highlands promoted a nomadic lifestyle that kept the Chinese people from becoming a unified culture. MA Jinnah had been a nonentity in the Punjab until the passage of the Pakistan Resolution in 1940. As high as 36 seats, more than one third of the total, were bagged from Bengal alone. Elections 1927- Successes n Failure - Read online for free. In 1937 common Muslims considered the league as a party of elite Muslims. How do the protagonist assert conflicts and resolutions on the hierarchical state of affairs of the country. I write on politics, culture, education and economy. Since there was no misunderstanding on the status of the leaders, Muslim league performed well in the elections.Thirdly Muslims were facing religious restrictions and threats to their culture. The reasons behind this success were that Quaid-i-Azam had organized the party from the grass roots. Jinnah and the Muslim League, as well as Congress, wanted to break the provincial structure. . She also reminds us that this power of Congress was then well-placed to pose a threat to the power of Muslim-majority provinces, who might then look for a leader at the centre to challenge Congress. so what 33 Comments 1 Share. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. 0000001088 00000 n [23], Jinnah took a nationalist stance and emulated the Congress' electoral campaign and appointed Muslim League Parliamentary Boards for the 1937 elections. 0000009488 00000 n Although it did better in the non-Muslim provinces, yet that was not enough to enable the League to boast of being the sole representative organization of the Muslims. The league managed to win only 109 Muslim seats out of 482 seats. In such constituencies, the local leaders could rely on old strategies such as local influence to ensure votes so why should they join it? (7) 2828. The League won 29 seats in the United Provinces where it had competed for 35 out of the 66 seats for Muslims. But Muslim League, which stood for separate electorates, was unfortunately divided in several factions owing to personal and ideological differences. Image of the party was restored when leadership ML also had gained experience in the by-elections and the party now knew It won 90% Muslim seats at the center and 100% Muslim seats in the provinces. Only two nominees of the Muslim League succeeded in the elections of 1937. [19] The party offered the Muslim League a role in government if it merged itself into the Congress Party. The Congress Muslims achieved 6 percent of them. You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser. [1] Its performance in Punjab, where it won just two of the seven seats it vied for, was unsuccessful. I remember that the couple was often . This was largely unintentional. As a result of the image problem, common Muslims Congress and other political parties in the elections rather than the league. Unlike 1937 elections, the league performed exceptionally well in the 1946 elections. in Statistics in India ? [14] Though 34 seats were reserved for Muslims, the Muslim League could secure none of them. [9] No Congress Muslim won in Sindh, Punjab, Bengal, Orissa, United Provinces, Central Provinces, Bombay and Assam. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Viceroy Linlithgow could only offer to form a 'consultative committee' for advisory functions. {&. Hb```f`` ,@Q THE MUSLIM LEAGUE IN THE UP, 1937-1939 605 the Congress party's momentous attempts to attract Muslims into the nationalist movement through its own Muslim Mass Contact Programme (MMCP). was he right?give reasin, What was a characteristic of the rulers of the Zhou dynasty? 1 Where did Muslim League won in 1946 elections? 0000081146 00000 n They gained peoples loyalty by using new methods of irrigation. 0000001677 00000 n Consequently, it could not run an effective campaign in its favor. [16] The Congress won a clear majority in the United Provinces, with 133 seats,[17] while the Muslim League won only 27 out of the 64 seats reserved for Muslims. The 1937 election was the first in which large masses of Indians were eligible to participate. Therefore, Muslim voters were 0000004567 00000 n The Congress however, won an astounding number of 707 Great effort Noor Sahb..so nice of you. This gave the Muslim League leaders an opportunity to accuse the ministries of oppressing the Muslims. Image of the league. The 1937 elections did not go too well for the All-India Muslim League at all. Thus more Muslims knew of the league. In 1945 the British colonial government in India called for elections for the national and legislative assemblies. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Design a site like this with WordPress.com. [10], In Madras, the Congress won 74% of all seats, eclipsing the incumbent Justice Party (21 seats). The students, organized under the All India Muslim Students Federation (AIMSF) had been the most formidable pressure group in League?s favour since 1937. thinking differently. . By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. All Rights Reserved. The league was not an organized party at the time of the elections. The election results were a blow to the League. Accordingly, Nawab Viqar ul-Mulk (1841-1917) in 1901 attempted to establish a political organization that would represent Muslim political opinion in India. Party branches increased after the 1937 elections, by mid 1938 membership numbers had increased dramatically. I hope that the provincial, district and primary Muslim Leagues all over India will hold public meetings and pass the resolution with such modification as they may be advised, and after Jumma prayers offer prayers by way of thanksgiving for being delivered from the unjust Congress regime. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. corresponds. The 1946 election resulted in Republicans picking up 55 seats to win majority control. Congress party between 1937 and 1939. even the areas were identified to be merged into the future Pakistan. the reason for the failure of Muslim league in the 1937 Another reason cited by pro-league circles was the poverty and illiteracy among Muslims as dominant phenomena. They thought that they could live peacefully under Congress rule so many of the muslims casted there votes in favour of the Congress, It was there first major elections and had no idea how to fight or to campaign .. 0000001655 00000 n . 1, 13, 149, 1937, Dark Journey - 1937 was released on: The erosion of Muslim identity and culture. Jinnah (who returned to India in 1935) began a series of personal appearances, rallies and interviews. when will the group2 exam conduct plz tell me the date. Feudal states competed for power, leading to constant warfare, violence, and turmoil. In the 1945 elections, Muslim League came up with Congress was able to win 9 seats in the whole of India. 1. The reasons In this paper an attempt has been made to determine electoral politics and voting trends in NWFP during 1937 elections. The prior bitter experience of Congress Rule. Both the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League opposed the Act, but participated in the provincial elections of winter 1936-37, conducted under stipulations of the Act. How did the Muslim League respond to the 1937 election? In the 1937 elections, Shaikh Abdul Majid was not the leader of the Muslim League but the leader of his own Sindh Azad Party. In Bengal, the Krishak Praja Party of Fazal-ul-Haq formed the government. (LogOut/ If you could witness one event past, present, or future, what would it be? , r away. It is popularly known as Muslim League. None of the conferences were successful in bring about a change. The released Congress leaders anticipated the restoration of elections. These elections were contested by all small and big local political parties such as the All India Muslim League, Indian National Congress, etc. - 29411071. aliashfaq2023 aliashfaq2023 11/14/2022 History High School answered expert verified How successful was the Muslim league in the 1937 elections? Government of India Act 1935 provided representative government at the provincial level. It realized that it had to improve its organization and planning . This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. 0000003757 00000 n In contrast, Indian National Congress won almost the majority of seats of both Hindus and Muslims and formed its government in the provinces. The Congress won 758 out of around 1500 seats in a resounding victory, and went on to form seven provincial governments. [8], Muslim preference was to be represented by regional parties which were allied with those non-Muslims who were not supportive of the Congress. Muslims were forbidden to eat beef and received harsh punishments if they slaughtered cows. Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. The 1937 elections demonstrated that neither the Muslim League nor the Congress represented Muslims. The Governor called upon Sir Muhammad Sadulla, ex-Judicial Member of Assam and Leader of the Assam Valley Muslim Party to form the ministry. Sweden: 12 March 1937, Continue Learning about Movies & Television. Awesome Inc. theme. League tickets were awarded to most suitable candidates and funds were disbursed wisely. ALL-INDIA MUSLIM LEAGUEALL-INDIA MUSLIM LEAGUE In 1885 the All-India National Congress (INC or Congress) was created as a political party. 4 What Iqbal did after coming back to India from Europe? Systems Officer post my Email ID vickyingle5@yahoo.co.in www.ricrocket.weebly.com Elections Of 1937 Q: How successful was the Muslim League in 1937 elections? Furthermore, with its secular slogans, it could easily influence people irrespective of their religion. Be sure to explain your answer. In the League?s election campaign, the most decisive was the role of four groups: students, the pro-League ulema, Muslim journalists and businessmen. The League contested these elections with great zeal and fervor but poll results were a big disappointment for it. The Muslim League under Mohammad Ali Jinnah strived to introduce reforms to bring it at par with other provinces. These were some of the main reasons behind support to Congress from Muslims and the failure of the All India Muslim League. "Congress-Muslim League tussle 1937-40: a critical analysis", Aakar Books, 2003, pp 90, 1937 Madras Presidency legislative assembly election, Madras Presidency legislative council election, 1937, Role of Sir Abdullah Haroon in Politics of Sindh (18721942), Schwartzberg Atlas - Digital South Asia Library, "Lecture by Prof. Stanley Wolpert: Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah's Legacy to Pakistan", "Appeal for the observance of Deliverance Day, issued from Bombay, on 2nd December, 1939", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1937_Indian_provincial_elections&oldid=1130842400, This page was last edited on 1 January 2023, at 06:52. Went on to form the government in any province par with other provinces promoted a nomadic lifestyle kept... Under Mohammad Ali Jinnah strived to introduce reforms to bring it at par with provinces. Three - Bengal, Punjab, and Sindh had been a nonentity in the.... To determine electoral politics and voting trends in NWFP during 1937 elections the! 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