Over the course of the flag's use by the CSA, additional stars were added to the canton, eventually bringing the total number to thirteen-a reflection of the Confederacy's claims of having admitted the border states of Kentucky and Missouri, where slavery was still widely practiced. The result was the square flag sometimes known as the . Though it hassome Black supporters, it remains shorthand for a defiant South and all that implies. [citation needed], The First Confederate Navy jacks, in use from 1861 to 1863, consisted of a circle of seven to fifteen five-pointed white stars against a field of "medium blue." Quick View. How did this mountain lion reach an uninhabited island? Lightboxes. In 1956, prompted by the Supreme Courts Brown v. Board of Educationruling that declared segregation unconstitutional, Georgiaadopted a state flag that prominently incorporated the symbol. However, when the war started, the Stars and Bars confused the battlefield. Taking this into account, Miles changed his flag, removing the palmetto and crescent, and substituting a heraldic saltire ("X") for the upright cross. Realizing that they quickly needed a national banner to represent their sovereignty, the Provisional Congress of the Confederate States set up the Committee on Flag and Seal. 1st National Confederate Flag - 13 Star - Stars and Bars - Cotton As a result, Confederate military presentation flags made throughout the South in 1861 and 1862 demonstrate no common proportions or sizes. Thereafter, the number of stars continued to increase until Tennessee gained her seat as the 11th State on 2 July 1861. Miles had already designed a flag that later became known as the Confederate Battle Flag, and he favored his flag over the "Stars and Bars" proposal. The final version of the second national flag, adopted May 1, 1863, did just this: it set the St. Andrew's Cross of stars in the Union Jack with the rest of the civilian banner entirely white. Note, this is not to be confused with the Confederate Battle Flag. Over the years the flag was changed by adding and . Modern display of the Confederate battle flag - Wikipedia Our historical flags are unsurpassed in quality and authenticity. [37] Also, Confederate regiments carried many other flags, which added to the possibility of confusion. The Stars and Bars served as the first national flag of the Confederate States of America from 4 Mar. [12], Due to the timing, very few of these third national flags were actually manufactured and put into use in the field, with many Confederates never seeing the flag. p. 211. Adopted in February 1865, as a result from complaints made by the Confederate Navy that he predominate white color of the second national flag caused it be mistaken for a flag of surrender. 1st National Confederate Flag 7 Star Stars and Bars Confederate Cotton Flag 5 x 8 ft. $ 149.95. [50][51][52] It is also known as the rebel flag, Dixie flag, and Southern cross. This design has become commonly regarded as a symbol of racism and white supremacy or white nationalism, especially in the Southern United States. [15], A monument in Louisburg, North Carolina, claims the "Stars and Bars" "was designed by a son of North Carolina / Orren Randolph Smith / and made under his direction by / Catherine Rebecca (Murphy) Winborne. It was flying above the Confederate batteries that first opened fire on Fort Sumter in Charleston harbor, in South Carolina beginning the Civil War. Most famously, the "Bonnie Blue Flag" was used as an unofficial flag during the early months of 1861. Riddle submitted his flag proposals to Stephen Foster Hale on February 21, 1861. How Long After the Battle of First Manassas did the various battle flags replace the Stars and Bars or did they ever entirely replace it? These flags show a high preponderance of flags with thirteen and fifteen stars, with most arranged in a circle around a center star, either of the same size or larger than the balance of the stars. It is sometimes incorrectly referred to as the Stars and Bars, the name of the first national Confederate flag. The "Stars and Bars" flag was only selected by the Congress of March 4, 1861, the day of the deadline. READ MORE Flags of the Confederacy - Chamber of Commerce.org First flag with 7 stars(March 4 May 18, 1861), Flag with 11 stars(July 2 November 28, 1861), Last flag with 13 stars(November 28, 1861 May 1, 1863), The Confederacy's first official national flag, often called the Stars and Bars, flew from March 4, 1861, to May 1, 1863. A National Geographic team has made the first ascent of the remote Mount Michael, looking for a lava lake in the volcanos crater. Although Tennessee did not join the Confederacy until the middle of 1861, four of its unit flags bore seven stars and another three had eight (all seven stars surrounding a central star). Georgia adopted a new state flag in 2000, which contained a small inset image of the 1956 flag, along with other historical flags. The design of the Stars and Bars varied . On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. STARS AND BARS Images of Lone Star versions of the first Confederate national flag. Then, as Confederate veterans began to die in the early 20th century, groups like the United Daughters of the Confederacy pushed to commemorate themand make their version of history the official doctrine of Southern states. The flags were known as the "Stars and Bars&qu. The design of the Stars and Bars varied over the following two years. Confederate Flag Meaning - Historyplex Hundreds of designs were submitted and on May 4, 1861, the First National Flag was adopted (there would eventually be two others). This would serve to show the world the South was truly sovereign. [note 4][20] The first showing of the 13-star flag was outside the Ben Johnson House in Bardstown, Kentucky; the 13-star design was also in use as the Confederate navy's battle ensign[citation needed]. Reviews on 80s Bar in Brea, CA - That 80's Bar, Totally 80's Bar & Grille, Club 80's Bar and Grill, Sandy Llama, Flashbackz Lounge & Grill, FlashPants 80s Cover Band, Club Rock It, The Paradox Arcade + Bar, Stubby's, Mi Vida Loca Bar and Lounge The 12th star represented Missouri. "Southern Confederacy" (Atlanta, Georgia), 5 Feb 1865, pg 2. "A surviving Georgia flag in the collection of the, Bonner, Robert E., "Flag Culture and the Consolidation of Confederate Nationalism. The colors red, white and blue were symbolic of France, red and gold colors of Spain and 13 stripes of the United States. In such cases, one of the company flags would be chosen to serve as the regimental flag. This flag was known as the 'Stars and Bars', though ironically the Stars and Bars have a completely different design as compared, to the rectangular Confederate flag. Deep South. Native American Flags. Also available below is a Vinyl Decal (suitable for outdoor use). Despite the official pattern and numbers, however, individual examples of the Stars and Bars varied greatly, with numbers of stars ranging from 1 to 17, and star patterns varying greatly beyond the officially sanctioned circle. After taking command of the main Confederate army in the west, Gen. Jos E. Johnson adopted this variation of the Virginia Battle Flag for the Army of Tennessee. [56][57] A YouGov poll in 2020 of more than 34,000 Americans reported that 41% viewed the flag as representing racism, and 34% viewed it as symbolizing southern heritage. ), and elements of the design by related similar female descendants organizations of the United Daughters of the Confederacy, (U.D.C. He also argued that the diagonal cross was "more Heraldric [sic] than Ecclesiastical, it being the 'saltire' of Heraldry, and significant of strength and progress. The white stars on the blue field represent the original Confederate States of Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina and Texas. Stars and Bars (First National Flag) image by Wayne J. Lovett, 24 June 2001 The flag which first flew over Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor, SC in 1861. In 2000, the flag over the state house was removed, at the . Amid the smoke and general chaos of battle, it was hard to distinguish the Confederate national flag, the "Stars and Bars," from the U. S. national flag, the "Stars and Stripes." Confederate Congressman William Porcher Miles suggested that the army have a distinct battle flag. NOTE: The 4"x6" size is mounted to a 10" staff with a spear top. Many individual companies received splendid flags from the communities from which they were raised, but the regiments into which they were assembled did not necessarily share in this enthusiasm. Why do people still fly the Confederate flag? - BBC News Adopted by the provisional Confederate Congress in February of 1861, this was the first of three national Confederate flags. After the former was changed in 2001, the city of Trenton, Georgia has used a flag design nearly identical to the previous version with the battle flag. [6] In explaining the white background of his design, Thompson wrote, "As a people, we are fighting to maintain the Heaven-ordained supremacy of the white man over the inferior or colored race; a white flag would thus be emblematical of our cause." Gen. Earl Van Dorn adapted a red banner with stars and crescent moon as the battle flag for his command. The first flag was raised over the capitol in Montgomery by Miss Letitia Christian Tyler, the granddaughter of President John Tyler. William T. Thompson, the editor of the Savannah-based Daily Morning News also objected to the flag, due to its aesthetic similarity to the U.S. flag, which for some Confederates had negative associations with emancipation and abolitionism. It was designed by Prussian-American artist Nicola Marschall in Marion, Alabama, and is said to resemble the Flag of Austria, with which Marschall would have been familiar. Adult Admission: Adult $10.00 Children (under the age of 14) $5:00. White supremacy's gross symbol: What the "the stars and bars" really This is the actual Stars & Bars, first official flag of the Confederate States of America, specifically the 13-star version which flew from 1861 to 1863: Confederate Stars & Bars ( public domain) The first official flag of the Confederacy, called the " Stars and Bars ," was flown from March 5, 1861, to May 26, 1863. The Adopt-A-Flag Program was initiated. March 4, 1861 The first national flag of the Confederate States of America (the "Stars and Bars") is adopted. It was also challenged by Black activists and their white allies. Early flags contain seven stars for the original seven states of the Confederacy. Why are there 13 stars on Confederate flags? The Audience went wild, and the song was an instant success. Despite the 9:14 proportions established by the Confederate War Department, other civilian makers of the Stars & Bars soon gravitated to different proportions that included 2:3, 3:5, and 1:2. The thirteen stars stand for the thirteen states that were part of the Confederacy. Soon after, the first Confederate Battle Flag was also flown. A white rectangle two times as wide as it is tall, a red quadrilateral in the canton, inside the canton is a blue saltire with white outlining, with thirteen white five-pointed stars of equal size inside the saltire. Similarly the patriotic ladies of the South who prepared most of the company and regimental flags for the military units raised in the Southern states chose whatever proportions and sizes seemed aesthetic. The First National Flag -- Stars and Bars May 4, 1861 - May 1, 1863 The Confederate States of America solicited designs for a national flag early in 1861. Four flags with nine stars (eight around a center star) emanated from Louisiana but two also were made in Mississippi in the same style. The battle flag was also featured in the state flags of Georgia and Mississippi, although it was removed by the former in 2003 and the latter in 2020. Miles also told the Committee on the Flag and Seal about the general's complaints and request that the national flag be changed. As historian Caroline E. Janneynotes, the Lost Cause myth came about immediately after the war as Confederates struggled to come to terms with their defeat in a postwar climate of economic, racial, and social uncertainty.. Thompson stated in April 1863 that he disliked the adopted flag "on account of its resemblance to that of the abolition despotism against which we are fighting."[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Newsome was arrested, but state officials voted to remove the flag from the building the following month. Sign In . Smith, Louisburg", University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, "The Declarations of Causes of Seceding States", "Confederate battle flag: Separating the myths from facts", "Letter of Beauregard to Villere, April 24, 1863", "Birthplace of the Confederate Battle Flag", 37 New Historical Markers for Virginia's Roadways, "2008 Virginia Marker Dedication: Birthplace of the Confederate Battle Flag", North & South The Official Magazine of the Civil War Society, "Why the Confederate Flag Made a 20th Century Comeback", "Confederate flag removed: A history of the divisive symbol", "Trump keeps fighting a Confederate flag battle many supporters have conceded", "Majority Of Southerners Now View The Confederate Flag As A Racist Symbol, Poll Finds", "What the Confederate flag means in America today", "American Electorate Continues to Favor Leaving Confederate Relics in Place", "National Tracking Poll #2107045 / July 09-12, 2021 / Crosstabulation Results", Active autonomist and secessionist movements, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Flags_of_the_Confederate_States_of_America&oldid=1142855463, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2023, Articles with incomplete citations from July 2020, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Wikipedia articles with style issues from July 2022, Pages using infobox flag with unknown parameters, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2015, Articles needing additional references from September 2021, All articles needing additional references, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. The blue color of the diagonal saltire's "Southern Cross" was much lighter than the battle flag's dark blue. The first national flag of the Confederacy was the Stars and Bars (left) in 1861, but it caused confusion on the battlefield and rancour off it "Everybody wants a new Confederate flag,". This caused major problems at the July 1861 Battle of First Manassas and during other skirmishes as some troops mistakenly fired on their own comrades. In the early months of the War, the Confederate War Department relied exclusively on the patriotic effusion of the ladies of the South for the unit colors of the units that assembled in Richmond during the Spring and Summer of 1861. Save up to 30% when you upgrade to an image pack. Please be respectful of copyright. The third national flag of the Confederate States of America. This pattern was embellished with the same 13 white stars that the original flag had. He argued that the battle flag must be used, but it was necessary to emblazon it for a national flag, but as simply as possible, with a plain white field. The "Stars and Bars" flag was adopted on March 4, 1861, in the first temporary national capital of Montgomery, Alabama, and raised over the dome of that first Confederate capitol. Marschall also designed the Confederate army uniform. [42] The flag's stars represented the number of states in the Confederacy. The pattern and colors of this flag did not distinguish it sharply fom the Stars and Stripes of the Union. Stars and Bars flag: Confederate States of America - CRW Flags Although this design was never a national flag, it is the most commonly recognized symbol of the Confederacy. Military officers also voiced complaints about the flag being too white, for various reasons, such as the danger of being mistaken for a flag of truce, especially on naval ships where it was too easily soiled. Nonetheless both were still represented in the Confederate Congress and had Confederate shadow governments composed of deposed former state politicians. Rogers lobbied successfully to have this alteration introduced in the Confederate Senate. The stars represent the seven seceded states of the U.S. Although less well known than the "Confederate Battle Flags",the Stars and Bars was used as the official flag of the Confederacy from March 1861 to May of 1863. Of 23 identified 1st national flags from Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina, most (16) bear eleven stars; and of these, 7 are arranged in a circle of eleven, while 5 have ten stars surrounding a center star. Confederate monuments soondotted the South, and the battle flag was added to the state flag of Mississippi. STARS AND BARS Images of 13 Star versions of the first Confederate national flag. But despite recurrentdebates about its meaning and appropriateness, the flag never really disappeared. President Jefferson Davis' inauguration took place under the 1861 state flag of Alabama, and the celebratory parade was led by a unit carrying the 1861 state flag of Georgia. "STARS AND BARS" The First Confederate National Flag Reviews on Bars With Darts in Brea, CA - Shady Nook, Squire's, The Blue Door Bar, Juke Joint Bar, The Bruery, A&C Billiards and Barstools, Brian's Original Sports Bar, Group Therapy Pub, Shotz Bar & Kitchen, Bigs All rights reserved. Jefferson Davis State Historic Site & Museum. The ANV was never the official flag of the Confederacy and was not called The Stars and Bars. Beauregard and Joseph Johnston urged that a new Confederate flag be designed for battle. In the wake of the 2017 Charlottesville white supremacist rally, demand for the banner surged across the country. The 1879 flag was introduced by Georgia state senator Herman H. Perry and was adopted to memorialize Confederate soldiers during the American Civil War. Notable examples include the flag that adorned the coffin of Confederate president Jefferson Davis, that of the Washington Artillery, famed artillery unit of New Orleans, the First Florida Infantry which saw action along side many Louisiana units at Shiloh, and the Sixth Louisiana (Orleans Rifles) embroidered with the inscription Let Us Alone, Trust In God. There is an active flag restoration program and donors may contribute funds to be used toward the restoration of any flag. Flag of Georgia (U.S. state) - Wikipedia The Bonnie Blue gained popularity throughout the South through the song THE BONNIE BLUE FLAG written by Harry McCarthy in 1861. Even a few fourteen- and fifteen-starred ensigns were made to include states expected to secede but never completely joined the Confederacy. Rogers defended his redesign as symbolizing the primary origins of the people of the Confederacy, with the saltire of the Scottish flag and the red bar from the flag of France, and having "as little as possible of the Yankee blue" the Union Army wore blue, the Confederates gray.[13]. [18] He turned to his aide, who happened to be William Porcher Miles, the former chairman of the Confederate Congress's Committee on the Flag and Seal. We would like to show you a description here but the site won't allow us. Their cantons bore eleven white, 5-pointed stars arranged in a circle. That changed in 1948 with the Dixiecrats, or States Rights Democratic Party, a racist, pro-segregation splinterparty formed by Southern Democrats. Designed by William Porcher Miles, one of the congressmen of the Confederate, the new flag had a blue X-shaped pattern called St. Andrew's Cross against a red background. 1st National Confederate Flag 7 Star Stars and Bars Confederate 1st National Cotton Flag 4 x 6 ft. $ 109.95. Men fly a massive Confederate flag during a Black Lives Matter protest in Charleston, South Carolina, in August, 2020. "[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29], The Confederate Congress debated whether the white field should have a blue stripe and whether it should be bordered in red.

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